[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"guanxue-ren-yuezhengke":3},{"slug":4,"topic":5,"name":6,"aliases":7,"school":9,"era":10,"oneLiner":14,"summary":15,"tags":16,"infobox":21,"sections":40,"quotes":59,"related":83,"seo":94},"yuezhengke","ren","乐正克",[8],"乐正子","ru",{"from":11,"to":12,"label":13},-372,-289,"生卒不详，系于战国中期","以好善与笃信见称的孟门弟子","乐正克即《孟子》中的乐正子，是孟子弟子。鲁国一度拟任他执政，孟子因其好善而欣喜；他也曾因随不合道者赴齐、迟见老师而受责。",[17,18,19,20],"孟子弟子","战国儒家","好善","信",[22,24,26,29,32,34,37],{"label":23,"value":6},"姓名",{"label":25,"value":8},"称谓",{"label":27,"value":28},"生卒","不详",{"label":30,"value":31},"国籍","不详，与鲁国关系密切",{"label":33,"value":17},"身份",{"label":35,"value":36},"师承","孟子",{"label":38,"value":39},"德行","好善、善人、信人",[41,44,47,50,53,56],{"heading":42,"md":43},"生平与名号","乐正克的生卒、籍贯和家世均不详。《孟子》通常称他“乐正子”，在受责后自称“克有罪”，故知其名克。“乐正”究竟是氏还是与古代乐官名有关，早期材料不足以详定。他是孟子弟子，活动范围涉及齐、鲁；传世文献没有他的独立著作，也无法据零散章句排出完整年谱。",{"heading":45,"md":46},"鲁国拟任为政","《孟子·告子下》记鲁国准备让乐正子执政，孟子听说后“喜而不寐”。公孙丑依次问乐正子是否刚强、有智虑、多闻识，孟子都回答不是；真正使他欣喜的是乐正子“好善”。在孟子看来，好善者愿意听取善言，四海之士便乐于来告；拒人千里的自满者则只会招来谗谄面谀。此章没有说明任命最终是否实行，重点也不在事功结果，而在为政者能否开放地接受善言。",{"heading":48,"md":49},"从子敖赴齐受责","《孟子·离娄上》记乐正子跟随子敖到齐，抵达后没有立即拜见孟子，借口客舍尚未安顿。孟子反问，难道要先定好住处才求见长者吗？乐正克当即承认有罪。孟子又批评他随子敖而来只是为了饮食，不应学古之道却以餔啜为念。子敖其人及事情背景所见有限，但文本清楚呈现孟子对弟子选择交游、安排轻重的严格要求。",{"heading":51,"md":52},"好善、善与信","乐正克最鲜明的思想位置不是提出某项命题，而是作为德行实例。《孟子·尽心下》中浩生不害问他是怎样的人，孟子答“善人也，信人也”，并解释“可欲之谓善，有诸己之谓信”。乐正子处在善、信两个层次之中，尚未达到充实、光辉、化人乃至不可知的更高境界。这一评价既肯定他确有其善，又保留清楚的修养等级。\n\n将三章合看，“好善”不是已有全部才能，而是愿意受教、纳谏和改过的方向；“信”也不是只守口头信用，而是善真实地内在于己。乐正克面对责备直认有罪，与孟子对他的评价互相呼应。不过，这种人物刻画来自孟子学派文本，不宜扩写成文献没有记载的政绩。",{"heading":54,"md":55},"文献中的形象","《孟子》中的乐正克有明显张力：他好善笃信，可能被鲁国委以政事，却也会选择不当同伴、迟于见师。他不是完美圣贤，而是能够闻过即认、继续进德的学生。这种写法说明孟门评价人物既看重可发展的道德取向，也不回避具体失误；与公孙丑关于刚强、智虑、多闻的追问相比，孟子更把“好善”视为汇聚众善的根本条件。",{"heading":57,"md":58},"后世流变","后世注家多以乐正克说明好善足以为政、闻过能够改过，并将他列入孟门弟子与儒庙从祀体系。称号、位次随历代祀典有所调整，这些尊崇不能补足其先秦生平。今天理解乐正克，仍以《孟子》三组记载为主要依据。",[60,67,71,77],{"text":61,"source":62,"note":63,"classic":64},"鲁欲使乐正子为政。孟子曰：“吾闻之，喜而不寐。”","《孟子·告子下》","鲁国拟让乐正克执政，孟子因弟子可能施展其所学而欣喜不眠。",{"slug":65,"volume":66},"mengzi",12,{"text":68,"source":62,"note":69,"classic":70},"曰：“其为人也好善。”好善足乎？曰：“好善优于天下，而况鲁国乎？”","孟子认为乐正克最重要的长处是好善，愿意纳善足以汇聚天下贤言。",{"slug":65,"volume":66},{"text":72,"source":73,"note":74,"classic":75},"可欲之谓善，有诸己之谓信。充实之谓美，充实而有光辉之谓大。","《孟子·尽心下》","孟子借评价乐正子区分善、信、美、大等德性层次。",{"slug":65,"volume":76},14,{"text":78,"source":79,"note":80,"classic":81},"子闻之也，舍馆定，然后求见长者乎？曰：“克有罪。”","《孟子·离娄上》","孟子责其抵齐后迟来拜见，乐正克直接承认自己的过失。",{"slug":65,"volume":82},7,[84,85,87,89,92],{"topic":5,"slug":65},{"topic":5,"slug":86},"gongsunchou",{"topic":5,"slug":88},"wanzhang",{"topic":90,"slug":91},"ming","xin",{"topic":90,"slug":93},"yi",{"title":95,"description":96,"keywords":97},"乐正克——以好善见称的孟子弟子 | 儒家百科","乐正克是谁？本词条依据《孟子》介绍乐正子获鲁国拟任为政、随子敖赴齐受责等事，解释孟子为何称他好善、善人和信人，并辨析其有限的生平材料及后世评价。",[6,8,17,19,98,99,100],"善人信人","鲁国为政","克有罪"]